SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Pereira,F.A.; Castro,J.A.S. de; Santos,J.E. dos; Foss,M.C.; Paula,F.J.A.

Data about the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) and subsequent weight loss on bone are limited. The objective of the present study was to determine bone mineral density (BMD), bone remodeling metabolites and hormones that influence bone trophism in premenopausal women submitted to BS 9.8 months, on average, before the study (OGg, N = 16). The data were compared to those obtained for women of normal weight (CG, N = 11) and for obese women (OG, N = 12). Eight patients in each group were monitored for one year, with the determination of BMD, of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and osteocalcin, and of urinary calcium and deoxypyridinoline. The biochemical determinations were...

Implication of anthropometric profile and alimentary consumption on risk for diseases among school children in the 1st to 4th grades

Palavras-chave: Osteoporosis; Obesity; Bone mineral density; Bone turnover; Bariatric surgery.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000400009

BJPS

Monteiro,Vanessa; Matioli,Graciette.

This study aimed to determine the anthropometric profile and diet of 652 school children from the 1st to 4th grades of elementary education in six private schools in the city of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Children's weight and height were classified according to the Body Mass Index proposed by Must et al. (1991). Food consumption was evaluated by means of a questionnaire about daily food frequency. Statistical analysis was carried out using linear and logistic regression tests, with a significance level of 5%. High rates of overweight and obesity, 21.9% and 13.3% respectively, were observed, which did not show a significant relationship with total food consumption. The data obtained were: high consumption of foods rich in energy, such as sugar- and fat-rich...

Influence of dexamethasone and weight loss on the regulation of serum leptin levels in obese individuals

Palavras-chave: Alimentary habits; Obesity; Body mass index; Infant nutrition.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502010000300007

Lerario,D.D.G.; Ferreira,S.R.G.; Miranda,W.L.; Chacra,A.R..

The adipocyte hormone leptin is thought to serve as a signal to the central nervous system reflecting the status of fat stores. Serum leptin levels and adipocyte leptin messenger RNA levels are clearly increased in obesity. Nevertheless, the factors regulating leptin production are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of in vivo administration of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone and weight loss on serum leptin levels in two independent protocols. Twenty-five obese subjects were studied (18 women and 7 men, mean age 26.6 ± 6 years, BMI 31.1 ± 2.5 kg/m², %fat 40.3 ± 8.3) and compared at baseline to 22 healthy individuals. Serum levels of leptin, insulin, proinsulin and glucose were assessed at baseline and after...

Intravenous administration of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells has a neutral effect on obesity-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Leptin; Weight reduction; Dexamethasone.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000400007

Biol. Res.

Calligaris,Sebastián D; Conget,Paulette.

Obesity is a major global health issue. Obese patients develop metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster of clinical features characterized by insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Its cardiac manifestation, diabetic cardiomyopathy, leads to heart failure. Bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are envisioned as a therapeutic tool not only for cardiovascular diseases but also for other degenerative conditions. Our aim was to evaluate whether the intravenous administration of MSC modifies cardiac dysfunction in obese mice. To this end, C57BL/6 mice were fed a regular (normal) or high-fat diet (obese). Obese animals received the vehicle (obese), a single dose (obese + 1x MSC) or three doses...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Metabolic syndrome; Diabetic cardiomyopathy; Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells; Cardiac function; Dobutamine.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000300005

Investigation of risk factors to coronary heart disease in two countryside villages

BABT

Silva,Gisleine Elisa Cavalcante da; Bazotte,Roberto Barbosa; Curi,Rui; Silva,Maria Angélica Rafaini Covas Pereira da.

The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors to coronary heart disease in two countryside villages in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil, typical in terms of the poverty and lack of access to public health care. All population was invited to participate in the study. The 462 volunteers (61.3% female, mean age = 42 years) showed high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (7.0%), hypertriglyceridemia (19.0%), hyperglycemia (11.0%), hypertension (30.0%) and obesity (16.0%). The majority of the individuals, during the interview did not report the diseases detected by the testes. The results revealed that the high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus could be consequence of the delayed...

Is Dietary Knowledge Enough? Hunger, Stress, and Other Roadblocks to Healthy Eating

Palavras-chave: Hyperlipidemia; Hyperglycemia; Hypertension; Obesity; Coronary heart disease - Paraná State - Brazil.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132004000300008

Mancino, Lisa; Kinsey, Jean D..

Poor diets and rising obesity rates among Americans have persisted despite increased awareness and publicity regarding the benefits of a healthy lifestyle. This analysis of consumer food choice developed a consumer demand model to illustrate how both long-term health objectives and immediate visceral influences—long intervals between meals and away-from-home eating—can affect individuals’ food choices. The model predicts that dietary knowledge will have less influence on food choices in the face of immediate visceral factors. The model predictions were tested using data from the 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals and the companion Diet Health and Knowledge Survey. Longer intervals between meals and consumption of more food away from...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Behavioral economics; Food consumption; Obesity; Fixed effects; Instrumental variables.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56465

Is Obesity a Result of Faulty Economic Policies? The Case of the United States and Japan

Senauer, Benjamin; Gemma, Masahiko.

More than one billion adults are overweight worldwide, and more than 300 million of them clinically obese, raising the risk of many serious diseases. Only 3.6 percent of Japanese have a body mass index (BMI) over 30, which is the international standard for obesity, whereas 32.0 percent of Americans do. A total of 66.5 percent of Americans have a BMI over 25, making them overweight, but only 24.7 percent of Japanese. This paper examines the reasons Japan has one of the lowest rates of obesity in the world and the United States one of the highest, giving particular attention to underlying economic factors that might be influenced by policy changes. The average person in Japan consumes over 200 fewer calories per day than the average American. Food prices are...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food consumption; Food prices; Physical activity; Walking; Automobile costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I11.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25497

Life-long Maternal Cafeteria Diet Promotes Tissue-Specific Morphological Changes in Male Offspring Adult Rats

Anais da ABC (AABC)

SANTOS,CAROLYNE D.S.; BALBO,SANDRA L.; GUIMARÃES,ANA T.B.; SAGAE,SARA C.; NEGRETTI,FÁBIO; GRASSIOLLI,SABRINA.

ABSTRACT Here, we evaluated whether the exposure of rats to a cafeteria diet pre- and/or post-weaning, alters histological characteristics in the White Adipose Tissue (WAT), Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT), and liver of adult male offspring. Female Wistar rats were divided into Control (CTL; fed on standard rodent chow) and Cafeteria (CAF; fed with the cafeteria diet throughout life, including pregnancy and lactation). After birth, only male offspring (F1) were maintained and received the CTL or CAF diets; originating four experimental groups: CTL-CTLF1; CTL-CAFF1; CAF-CTLF1; CAF-CAFF1. Data of biometrics, metabolic parameters, liver, BAT and WAT histology were assessed and integrated using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). According to PCA analysis worse...

Local Food Impacts on Health and Nutrition

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Dams; Offspring; Histology.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000602887

Ferrer, Myra Clarisse R.; Fonsah, Esendugue Greg; Ramirez, Octavio A.; Escalante, Cesar L..

Prevalence of local foods is believed to answer several food issues one of which is health and nutrition. This study focused on the on the availability of local foods to consumers and see its relationship with two specific diet-related diseases namely, obesity and diabetes. Other variables were included in the analysis to provide additional evidence to previous findings. Factors considered are divided into 5 groups namely diet-, local food-, environment-, education- and gender-related factors. Diet- and environment-related variables provide the most perceptive findings while local food variables provided significant however weak evidence of positive impacts to health and nutrition.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Local foods; Diabetes; Obesity; Food environment; Farmers' market; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I15; I31.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103664

Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin and hyperproinsulinemia as markers of increased pancreatic ß-cell demand in men

Reis,A.F.; Miranda,W.L.; Chacra,A.R..

Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) are considered to be an indirect index of hyperinsulinemia, predicting the later onset of diabetes mellitus type 2. In the insulin resistance state and in the presence of an increased pancreatic ß-cell demand (e.g. obesity) both absolute and relative increases in proinsulin secretion occur. In the present study we investigated the correlation between SHBG and pancreatic ß-cell secretion in men with different body compositions. Eighteen young men (30.0 ± 2.4 years) with normal glucose tolerance and body mass indexes (BMI) ranging from 22.6 to 43.2 kg/m2 were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g) and baseline and 120-min blood samples were used to determine insulin, proinsulin and C-peptide by...

MAFB mediates the therapeutic effect of sleeve gastrectomy for obese diabetes mellitus by activation of FXR expression

Palavras-chave: Insulin; Proinsulin; Sex hormone-binding globulin; Obesity.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001200006

Xu,Jian; Wang,Yong; Yin,Jiajun; Yin,Min; Wang,Mofei; Liu,Jingang.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and related pathways are involved in the therapeutic effect of sleeve gastrectomy for overweight or obese patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of FXR expression regulation during the surgical treatment of obese diabetes mellitus by sleeve gastrectomy. Diabetic rats were established by combined streptozotocin and high-fat diet induction. Data collection included body weight, chemical indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism, liver function, and the expression levels of musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family B (MAFB), FXR, and related genes induced by sleeve gastrectomy. Chang liver cells overexpressing MAFB gene were established to confirm the expression of related genes. The...

Mechanisms involved in the vasorelaxant effects produced by the acute application of amfepramone in vitro to rat aortic rings

Palavras-chave: Diabetes mellitus; Obesity; Sleeve gastrectomy; MAFB; FXR.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000700612

López-Canales,J.S.; Lozano-Cuenca,J.; Muãoz-Islas,E.; Aguilar-Carrasco,J.C.; López-Canales,O.A.; López-Mayorga,R.M.; Castillo-Henkel,E.F.; Valencia-Hernández,I.; Castillo-Henkel,C..

Amfepramone (diethylpropion) is an appetite-suppressant drug used for the treatment of overweight and obesity. It has been suggested that the systemic and central activity of amfepramone produces cardiovascular effects such as transient ischemic attacks and primary pulmonary hypertension. However, it is not known whether amfepramone produces immediate vascular effects when applied in vitro to rat aortic rings and, if so, what mechanisms may be involved. We analyzed the effect of amfepramone on phenylephrine-precontracted rat aortic rings with or without endothelium and the influence of inhibitors or blockers on this effect. Amfepramone produced a concentration-dependent vasorelaxation in phenylephrine-precontracted rat aortic rings that was not affected by...

Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in obesity-associated hypertension

Palavras-chave: Cardiovascular pharmacology; Amfepramone; Obesity; Rat aorta; Nitric oxide; Potassium channels.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015000600537

Lobato,N.S.; Filgueira,F.P.; Akamine,E.H.; Tostes,R.C.; Carvalho,M.H.C.; Fortes,Z.B..

Obesity is strongly associated with high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. These conditions synergistically increase the risk of cardiovascular events. A number of central and peripheral abnormalities can explain the development or maintenance of high blood pressure in obesity. Of great interest is endothelial dysfunction, considered to be a primary risk factor in the development of hypertension. Additional mechanisms also related to endothelial dysfunction have been proposed to mediate the development of hypertension in obese individuals. These include: increase in both peripheral vasoconstriction and renal tubular sodium reabsorption, increased sympathetic activity and overactivation of both the renin-angiotensin system and the...

Meeting Total Fat Requirements for School Lunches: Influences of School Policies and Characteristics

Palavras-chave: Hypertension; Obesity; Endothelial dysfunction; Oxidative stress; Renin-angiotensin system; Nitric oxide.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000500003

Newman, Constance; Guthrie, Joanne F.; Mancino, Lisa; Ralston, Katherine L.; Musiker, Melissa.

Concerns about child obesity have raised questions about the quality of meals served in the National School Lunch Program. Local, State, and Federal policymakers responded to these concerns beginning in the mid-1990s by instituting a range of policies and standards to improve the quality of U.S. Department of Agriculture-subsidized meals. Schools have been successful in meeting USDA nutrient standards except those for total fat and saturated fat. This report uses school-level data from the School Nutrition Dietary Assessment-III to calculate statistical differences between the fat content of NSLP lunches served by schools with different policies (e.g., menu planning) and characteristics like region and size. Positive associations are found between a meal’s...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: National School Lunch Program (NSLP); Obesity; Nutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55957

Metabolic evaluation in overweight and obese cats and association with blood pressure

Ciência Rural

Freitas,Vanessa Danielle de; Castilho,Alessandra Ramos; Conceição,Luciana Auxiliadora Viebrantz da; Sousa,Valéria Régia Franco; Mendonça,Adriane Jorge; Silva,Felipe Gomes da; Almeida,Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de.

ABSTRACT: Obesity has been increasing in cats andis associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The association of these alterations can trigger the onset of metabolic syndrome (MS). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the serum levels of glucose, fructosamine, cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), andalanine aminotransferase of cats and to identify the possibility of MS,as well as to evaluate changes in arterial pressure. Thirty-seven cats were classified by ECC and morphometric measurements, namely, 15 obese, 12 overweight, and 10 controls. Nocat manifested MS. Only VLDL had a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between groups. Therefore, obesity may...

Micronutrient Malnutrition, Obesity, and Chronic Disease in Countries Undergoing the Nutrition Transition: Potential Links and Program/Policy Implications

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Cats hypertension dyslipidemia.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000100602

Molecular forms of butyrylcholinesterase and obesity

Eckhardt, Cara L..

Background: The nutrition transition occurring in many developing countries may invite the misconception that diets are moving entirely away from undernutrition toward problems of excess. But despite the sufficiency of energy in these countries, diet quality is poor and micronutrient deficiencies often remain. In this context, micronutrient deficiencies may actually contribute to the development and severity of diet-related chronic diseases. Objectives: This paper discusses the potential long-term effects of micronutrient malnutrition in early childhood on obesity and related disease outcomes. The links between early micronutrient malnutrition, stunting, and subsequent short adult stature— emerging risk factors for obesity and associated chronic...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Diet quality; Micronutrient malnutrition; Obesity; Chronic disease; Cancer; Adults; Children; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55889

Genet. Mol. Biol.

Boberg,Dellyana R.; Furtado-Alle,Lupe; Souza,Ricardo L.R.; Chautard-Freire-Maia,Eleidi A..

This study compared obese (N = 134) and unobese (N = 92) male blood donors, regarding the relative intensity (RI) and activity of different molecular forms (G1, G2, G4 and G1-ALB) of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8) found in plasma, thereby searching for an association between these variables with obesity and SNPs of exons 1 and 4 of the BCHE gene. It was shown that obese and unobese individuals do not differ in the RI of each BChE band, even when classifying the sample into three genotypes of exons 1 and 4 of the BCHE gene (-116GG/539AA, -116GG/539AT, -116GA/539AT). Although the mean BChE activity of each band was significantly higher in obese than in unobese blood donors, the proportions of BChE bands were maintained, even under the metabolic...

Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese rats develop glucose intolerance and insulin resistance to peripheral glucose uptake

Palavras-chave: Butyrylcholinesterase; Body mass index; Obesity; BCHE gene SNPs.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000300011

MOVING TO THE LAND OF FROSTED CAKES AND FRIED FOOD: IMMIGRANT OBESITY IN THE U.S.

Different levels of insulin sensitivity have been described in several animal models of obesity as well as in humans. Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese mice were considered not to be insulin resistant from data obtained in oral glucose tolerance tests. To reevaluate insulin resistance by the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and by the clamp technique, newborn male Wistar rats (N = 20) were injected 5 times, every other day, with 4 g/kg MSG (N = 10) or saline (control; N = 10) during the first 10 days of age. At 3 months, the IVGTT was performed by injecting glucose (0.75 g/kg) through the jugular vein into freely moving rats. During euglycemic clamping plasma insulin levels were increased by infusing 3 mU . kg-1 . min-1 of regular insulin until a...

Palavras-chave: Monosodium glutamate; Insulin resistance; Obesity; Clamp technique.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000500016